Casting machine



CASTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28, 1925 '7 Sheets-Sheet mgsxumwm INVENTORS WW. M,

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QM N MN 19297 7 w. "r. DA\;IS ET AL CASTING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet Filed. Oct. 28. 1925 192-9} 1 w. 'r. DAVIS ET AL CASTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS Aug. 20, 1929. w. T. D VIS ET AL 1,724,914

' CASTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 a 6] I I 1: i i A V gmw Aug. 20, 1929.

w. T. DAVIS ET AL CASTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet INVENTORS 7 $2 Aug. 20; 1929.

' W. T. DAVIS ET AL CASTING MACHINE Filed 001 28, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Aug. 20, 1929.

W. T, DAVIS ET AL CASTING MACHINE Filed 001;. 28, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet gENTOR V ;;A %IM mum QQQQ 4 n RM Mm Patented Aug. 20, 1929 UNITED STATES WALTER '1'. DAVIS AND JOHN 1,724,914 PATENT OFFICE.

a memms, or wnEELme, was'r vntemm, AS-

SIGNORS '10 WHEELING STAMPING COMPANY, OF WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA, A.

CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

CASTING MACHINE.

Application filed October 28, 1925. Serial No. 65,351.

mold a slab or billet and thereafter roll the same to the approximate thickness required in the bla-nkss The sheets thus produced are then punched to produce blanks, and the scrap metal remelted -for subsequent use. With some metals and compositions such as lead, tin, or lead and tin in addition to the expensev incidentto these various operations and the necessary rehandling, there is a very material additional expense represented by the formation of dross during the melting and remelting.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to form blanks, and particularly soft metal or non-ferrous blanks as required, for example, for the manufacture'of articles by extrusion or pressing, in such manner that the various mechanical and rehandling b operations are obviated, and the blanks directly produced by casting.

In the accompanying drawings there are shown for purposes of illustration only, certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, it being understood that the drawings -do not define the limits of our invention, as changes in the construction and operation disclosed therein may be made without departing either fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of our broader claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a top plan View of one form of apparatus embodying the present invention; Figure 2 is 'a-pa'rtial vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, through the apparatus of Figure 1, the section along the line II--II;

Figure 3 1s a horizontal sectional view, on an enlarged scale, illustrating a portion of the table operating mechanism, the section being taken along the line IIIIII of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows,

being-taken shown in Figure-1 and the upper bearings for the Geneva gear shafts being omitted for sake of clearness;

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, through a portion of the melting tank and delivery valves for one of the tables;

Figure 5 is a detail sectional view along the line VV of Figure 4; I

Figure 6 is a detail view, partly in section and partly in elevation, illustrating one of the valves;

Figure 7 is a perspective view showing one of the combined bearing and packing rings for the delivery valves;

- Flgure 8 is a horizontal sectional view, on an enlarged scale, through a portion of one of the casting tables illustrating more partlcularly part of the cover plate operating mechanism;

Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view alon the line IX-IX of Figure 8, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure -1O is a top plan view of one of the cover plate units;

Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view through one of the-cover plate units and a pair of adjacent molds, the sectiori bein' taken along the line XI- XI of Figure'lO;

Figure 12 is a top plan view, partly roken away, and illustrating one of the rake-off or ejecting members;

Figure 13 is a side elevational view of an ejector as illustrated in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is apartial sectional view taken Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 14 showing partially in elevation a portion of the main driving shaft and Geneva gear operating mechanism, and in section a pair of operating sprockets for the table cam shafts;

Figure 16 is a transverse sectional view along the line XVL-XVI of Figure 14 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 17 is a side elevational view of the pull down cam for the cover plates;

'' Figure 18 is a, top plan viewiof the cam Figure 19 is a sectional view on the line XIXXIX of Figure 14 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure is atopplan view of a modified form of cam adapted to perform the functions of the parts shown in Figures 16, 17 and 18; 1

Figure 21 is a side elevational view of the cam of Figure 20, showing one half of the contour; A

Figure 22 'is a view similar to Fi'gure 21 showmg the other half ofthe contour;

Figure 23 is a detail view of a portion of the cam of Figures 20-22;

Figure 24 is a detail view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a portion of a cover plate unit;

Fi re is a developed view of the cam of Figures 2Q-23 showing three of the cover plate units and three pairs of molds, and

Figure 26 is a detail view partly in section and partly in elevation showing a modifiedform of delivery valve.

' In carrying out the present invention there may beprovided a suitable supporting frame 2 preferably formed with a substan-' tially flat upper surface. The apparatus disclosed herein is illustrated as comprising a pair of casting tables T and T, but inasmuch as these tables are of similar construc- I tion, the detailed description of one will be understood as generally applicable to both.

The table T is operatively secured to the up per end of a Geneva gear shaft 3, while the table T 'is similarly secured to the upper end of a second Geneva gear shaft 4, 0th shafts having their intermediate portions journaled in the main supporting frame. Each shaft carries at its lower end a hub 5 to which isadjustablysecured a Geneva gear 6, whereby the ears are circumferentially adjustable with respect to their shafts and relatively with respect to each other for accurately adjusting the same.

Extending transversely of the supporting frame, as clearly shown in Fi re 2, is a main ,driving shaft 7 suitably ournaled in the frame, and carrying at its rear end a driving pulley 8 adapted to be operatively connected to the shaft at will by means of a clutch 9 as illustrated in Figure 1. Preferably the clutch is operable from the front of the frame 2 by a system of links and levers 10, as well understood by those skilled in-the art. v

Secured. to an intermediate portion of the main driving shaft, as clearly shown in Figure 15, is a pair of bevel gears 11 and 12,

- meshing respectively with similar gears 13 and 14 on the lower ends of vertical shafts 15 and ,16, one of these shafts appearing 1n elevation in Figure 2, and both of the shafts appearing in section in Figure 3. The

shaftsll are5 journaled 'in a transversely extending -b ket 17 at their intermediate portions, m the main supporting frame at their.-'*uppr ends. Adjacent its upper end the shaft 15 has secured thereto a lock.-

secured adjacent the upper end of shaft 16 v is a similar hub 20 and lever 21 for the gear on shaft 4. From Figure 2 it is obvious that the respective gears and their operating mechanism lie in different horizontal planes whereby while they are simultaneously operable, the operation of one occurs without interference with the operation of the other. By reason of this construction the two tables are simultaneously operable, each operation effecting a predetermined movement of the tables, the rotation being in opposite directions as indicated by the arrows in Figure 1. Secured adjacent the periphery of each of the tables is a plurality of molds 22, the molds preferably each comprising a bushing extending through the table and held in position by means of a nut 23, as clearly shown in Figure 11. Located in the bottom of each mold cavity is a knock-out disk 24 having a downwardly projecting stem 25. Surrounding each stem, and bearing at its upper end against the nut 23, is a compression sprmg 26, the lower end bearing against a keeper 27 secured to the stem. The springs thus normally tend to urge the stems and disks into their lower position, thereby providing a cavity of predetermined, depth above each disk for the reception ofmolten metal toform the blanks.

Whilethe molds are preferably equi-distantly spaced on the tables, they are convenlently operated in pairs both with respect to casting and ejecting, each movement of the table being sufficient to move a pair of molds into charging position and another pair into discharging position. To this end there 1s provided a cover plate unit for each p a1r of molds, each unit comprising a vertlcally extending operating stem 28, preferably angular 'in cross section as clearly shown 1n Flgures 8, 9 and 10, whereby the stem may be held against turning while helng freely movable vertically through suitable guide openings in the respective tables. Each-operating stem at its upper end carmes alug 29 having an opening for the receptlon of a horizontally extending pin 30. Around each pin is a spacer sleeve 31 carrymg a key 32, the outer end 'of which engages a slot in one side of a cover plate carrier 33 having a hub 34 through which also passes the pin 30. When-the parts are firmly clamped in position, the cover plate carby with the nuts 36 in position a slight ver-- projects inwardly, substantially parallel to,

the pin 30 but in the opposite direction, a pin 40 carrying at its inner end a roller 41.

It will be apparent that it is necessary to provide means for lifting a cover plate unit at predetermined times to permit the dis-' charge of the blanks, and to operate the ejector disks to effect ejection of the blanks from the molds. Both of these operations occur in definite time relation one to the other for each table by means of a cam shaft 42, Fig ures 2 and 14, extending transversely of the supporting frame, one shaft being provided adjacent eachend of the frame. Secured to each shaft 42 is a sprocket 43, the sprocket 43 on one of the shafts extending substan-' tially in line with a similar sprocket 44 on the main driving shaft, and the corresponding sprocket 43 on the other shaft extending substantially in line with a second sprocket 45 on the main driving shaft. The cam shafts 42 may thus be rotated in unison with the main driving shaft by sprocket chains 46 indicated in chain lines in Figure 2, the parts rotating or traveling in the directions indicated by the arrows.

Each cam shaft 42 has secured adjacent the front end thereof a. knock-out cam 47 -with each of which cooperates a tappet 48 guided at its upper end in the supporting frame, and carrying at its lower end an antifriction roller 49. Each tappet is normally urged downwardly to maintain its roller in engagement with the periphery of its knockout cam by means of a compression spring.

50 mounted in a recess formed in the-ibase of an ejector or off-take support 51 extending upwardly from the supporting frame adjacent the periphery of the respective tables. Extending toward the center of the apparatus from each of the tappets 48 is a bracket 52 carrying atits inner end a pair of vertically projecting rods 53 adapted to extend in alignment with a pair of ejector stems 25 in position at the discharge station, as indicated in Figure 1. The cam is so timed that when the table has come to rest with a pair of molds in this position, it will be operative for knocking the blanks B from that pair of molds and holding the same in.

elevated position as indicated in Figure 2.

Either prior to or simultaneously with the knocking-out operationthe cover plate unit for this pair of molds is raised to the inoperative position of, Figure 1. 'This is accomplished by means of the mechanisms shown more particularly in Figures 2, 14 and 16. Secured to each cam shaft 42 is a cover plate raising cam 54 cooperating with a roller 55' on a tappet 56. Each of these tappets has projecting from an intermediate portion thereof an arm 57, the outer end of which carries a vertically projecting rod 58 adapted to extend in alignment with the operating stem 28 of the cover plate unit located as desired, either at the discharge station or one step beforesuch station is reached. Thus, as the rod 58 rises it lifts the cover plate unit to permit knocking-out of a blank. As illustrated in the drawings, the cover plate unit is adapted to be raised one step before such unit reaches the discharge station, and is held raised at such station by a detent 59, see Figures 8 and 9, adapted to'engage a depression 60 in the extension 39. Normally each detent is urged inwardly by a spring 61.

With the cover plate unitin raised position, and the blanks elevated, parts are in position to permit ejection of the blanks.

This is accomplished by an ejector, Figures 1', 2,12 and 13. This ejector comprises a slide 62 movable horizontally in the upper end of the ejector support 51. At its inner end the slide carries a double ejector 63 having reversely curved outer ends 64 adapted to provide two blank receiving pockets 65, these pockets being spaced to exactly receive the blanks in an adjacent pair of molds. The ejector slide is moved inwardly and out- .Wardly by means of a bell crank lever 66, the long arm ofwhich has a pin and slot connection with the outer end of the slide, and theshorter arm of which carries a roller extending into the cam groove 67 of an ejector cam-68,v Figui'es 2 and 14. The bell crank lever has a pivotal mounting .69 on the main supporting frame 20f the apparatus. The

cam groove is shaped to move the ejectorv slide inwardl after the cover plate unit is raised but be ore the blanks are knocked-out ofthe molds. After the blanks are knockedout, the parts are in the position of Fi ure 2.

Thereafter, the cam groove actuates t e bell crank to move the-slide outwardly, this movement stripping the blanks from the knock-out disks and delivering them to a chute 7 0., The chutes 70in turn each deliver the blanks to a guide 71 substantially vertically positioned above pairs of shaping and compressing rollers 72, these rollers being intergeared for rotation in opposite directions, and being these camshas a cut-away portion 74 located to permit free passage of the rollers 41 of the cover plate units as required when they are successively raised to permit knocking out an'd ejection of'the blanks. -As the rollers 41 successively leave the'discharge station they are engaged by the downwardly inclined portions 7 5 of the cams, these portions overcoming the action of the detents 59, and effective through the springs 38 for yieldingly drawing the cover plates into cooperative engagement with the molds. This cooperative relationship is maintained until the units again reach the discharge station, or a predetermined station in advance thereof, by means of the portions 76 of the pull down cams. While in this position,.the molds reach the pouring station at which they are adapted to receive a supply of molten metal in predetermined amounts through the openings'in the hollow projections ofthe cover plates.

Themolten metal supply means at each of the pouring stations comprises a pair ,of

valves 77 rotatably mounted in bushings 7 8 secured on oppositesides of a molten metal delivery passage 7 9 communicating with the 'interior'of the molten metal pot 80. The bushings constitute valve casings, and each isprovided with an inlet port 81, an air admission-port 82, and a discharge port 83. The air admission ports in the casings are at all times in communication with air passages 84, while the discharge ports are at times in alignment with discharge nozzles 85. These nozzles are spaced to exactly deliver tothe openings through the projections 35 of a pair of adjacent molds. Each valve has a metal receiving pocket 77' in the form of athrough passage, intersecting which isja screw 86 adapted to be moved inwardly or outwardly for varying the capacity of the pockets. With the valves in metal receiving position, as shown in Figure 4, the pockets are out of communication with both the air admission and the metal discharge ports. -When the valves are rotated 90 inwardly and I downwardly as viewed in this figure, the pockets are brought into communication with i such ports, and the metal is :free to flow outslightly to conform to-a corresponding taper; 0f the bushings, Figure 6, whereby move ment .of. the valves longitudinally .with rewardly through the nozzles and into the molds. m i Each of the valves is preferably tapered spect to the bushings tends to increase or decrease the clearance between them. Such adjustment is effected by providing the valves with shoulders 87with one side of which cooperatesa bearing ring 88 of heat resistant material such. as German silver. The opposite side of each. ring 88 bears against an adjusting nut 89 threaded onto I thebushing. A spacer sleeve 90 is mounted around each valve, and cooperates with a second bearing ring 91. It will be seen that by rotating the adjusting nut 89 in one direction the clearance may be decreased, while by rotation in the opposite direction this 0 earanace may be increased.

Operation of the'valves is obtained by securing thereto cranks 92, the opposite ends of which are connected by adjustable links 93 with opposite ends of a rocking'lever 94.

and into the molds, the valves being almost immediately moved to the other extreme to receive a fresh supply of metal preparatory to their next operation.

The cam shafts 42 may also be utilized for effecting driving of the shaping rolls 72. To this endthey each carry a sprocket 100 ada ted to receive sprocket chains 101 exten ing around similar sprockets 102 segured to one of the shafts'carrying the rolls From the foregoing it will be obvious that the main drive shaft 7 is effective for intermittently rotating the mold tables and also for driving the cam shafts. The timing of the parts is such that each table operation brings a pair of molds on each table to the discharge station and another pair of molds 'on each table to the pouring station. When thetable is at rest the cam shafts operate the cams thereon to raise the cover units, knock-. out the blanks, eject the same and to operate the valves.' Also, the shaping rolls are continuously driven'for operation on all blanks delivered thereto. In order to prevent ossibility of piling or overlapping of the b anks while between the rolls, each of the blank re-- ceiving pockets 65 of the ejectors may deliver to a separate division of the chutes 70, and the rolls may be effectively divided by partition plates 103.' Thus every blank 1s subjected to a uniform shaping operation and uniformity of successive blanks. is insured.

In some cases it may be desirable to dispense with the separate means for effecting movement of the cover plate units in opposite directions, and provide a single meansfor this-purpose. This may be accomplished to Cooperate with the rollers 41' for holding the cover plates 37 in position on the molds 22 during the pouring operation'illustrated diagrammatically as taking place at the central position of Figure 25. The upper portion of the cam groove at this position has a spring pressed block 106 carried by a stem 107 and urged downwardly by springs 108. This spring pressed block compensates for any variations, and permits the use of operating stems 28 of a single piece of material. These stems have lugs 29' receiving one of the reduced ends of pins 30, the intermediate portions of which are enlarged to take the placeof the spacer sleeves 31 of Figure 10. These pins on their other ends pass loosely through cover plate carriers 34 on which are mounted the cover plates 37'. The downwardly projecting stems 25' of the knock-out disks may be of the construction before described, and are operated at the knock-out and ejecting stations, shown at the right of Figure 25, by means of the rods 53.

The table T travels in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 25, so that the rollers 41' after leaving the portion 105 of the cam, travel up the incline 109 onto the upper horizontal portion 110 of the cam. In

' this position, illustrated at the left of Figure 25, the cover plates are raised preparatory to the knock-out operation. Thereafter, continued travel brings the parts to the positionillustrated at the right in this figure at which time the knocking-out actually takes place, the blanks then being held in the elevated position shown ready for ejection. Continued travel brings the rollers 41' into engagement with the downwardly inclined portion 111 of the cam whereby the eover plates are drawn downwardly into cooperative. engagement with the molds. The necessaryrelative movement of the cover plates is permitted by providing the enlarged 1nter mediate portions of the pins 30 with squared portions 112 cooperating with one edge of the carriers 34 to permit a limited rocking movement of the carriers-as required.

In Figure 26 there is illustrated more or less diagrammatically a modified form of valve suitable for the feeding of molten metal in predetermined amounts without any possibility of delivering trapped air to the bath of metal. This may comprise a casing 7 8' similar in construction to that of the bushings 78 and having ports (not shown) corresponding thereto. Extending into the casing from one end is a plun or 113, while extending into the other end 0 the casing is a similar plunger 114., Each of the plung-- ers is carried by a cross head, the cross head 116 having securely and adjustably mounted therein operating rods 117, while these rods extend loosely through the head 118. The head 118 is adapted to slide on the rods 117 inone direction an amount determined by the distance between the inner ends of the plungers 113 and 114, while the movement in the opposite direction is adjustably vabring the pocket to discharge position. The

closing of the pocket on the return movement of the parts prevents the carrying of trapped air into the metal, and consequently decreases the possibility of dross formation.

In order to hasten the cooling of the blanks during the operation of the apparatus there may be provided pipes 121 closed at their outer ends and communicatin with a manifold 122 at their inner ends. T e manifold receives a supply of cooling fluid, such as air under pressure, through a supply line 123 communicating with a suitable source. The pipes 121 may each be provided with a series of perforations in their bottom walls, which perforations may be spaced to deliver blasts of cooling fluidthrough the openings in the hollow projections 35 while the tables are stationary, to thereby expedite the solidification of the castings.

It has been found desirable in many cases to provide means preventing the metal from freezing in the valves and nozzles 85, and to this end there may be utilized burners b so positioned as to direct flames onto the desired adapted for the accurate production of blanks, and more particularly soft metal blanks of the character adapted for the formation of articles, such as tubes, caps and the like by extrusion, pressing or threading.

Other advantages arise from' the mold con struction and the means for delivering measured charges thereto. 1

Still other advantages arise from the provision of the cover plates, whereby the tops of the blanks are smoothed automatically during casting.

Still further advantages arise from the means for effectin cooling of the metal preparator to the discharge of the blanks.

We 0 aim:

1. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, measuring means for delivering molten metal to said molds in predetermined quantities in timed relation to the operation of the. machine, means producing a relative III movement between said molds and said means, and closure means adapted to cooperate with said molds during the solidification of the castings therein.

2. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for delivering molten metal to said molds, means producing a relative movement between said molds and said means, and closure means supplemental to said molds and adapted to cooperate with said molds during the solidification of the castings therein, said closure means having continuously open openings therethrough permitting the delivery of molten metal to the molds while the closure means are in cooperative relation to the molds.

3. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for delivering molten metal in predetermined measured quantities to said molds, means producing relative movement between said molds and said means, closure means for said molds movable therewith, and means for destroying cooperative relationship between said molds and closure means to permit discharge of castings from the molds.

4;. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for delivering molten metal to 1 said molds, means producing relative movement between said molds and said'means,

closure means for said molds, and means for destroying cooperative relationship between said molds and closure means to ermit discharge of castings from the mol s, said-closure means having continuously open openings therethrough permitting the delivery of molten metal to the molds while the closure.

means are in cooperative relation thereto.

5. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for delivering molten metal to said molds, means producing relative movement between said molds and said means, closure means for said molds, means for destroying cooperative relationship between said molds and closure means to permit dismeans for the castings in said molds,

charge of castings from the molds, means for effecting discharge of the castings from said molds, and means for moving the discharged castings laterally from the molds.

6. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for delivering molten metal to said molds, means producing relative movement between said molds and said means, closure means for said molds, means for destroying cooperative relationship between said molds and closure means to permit discharge of castings from the molds, knockoui an ejecting means cooperating with said knockout means.

7. In a casting machine, a mold, means for delivering molten metal thereto, yieldingly seated closure means for said mold movable f therewith, means for destroying cooperative relationship between said mold and-closure means to permit discharge of castings from and closure means to permit discharge of castings from the mold, said closure means having an opening therethrough for the de-' livery of molten metal to the mold while the closure means and mold are in cooperative relation, and means for directing cooling fluid through said opening during solidification of a casting in the mold.

10. In a casting machine, a mold, means for delivering molten metal thereto, closure means for'said mold, means for destroying cooperative relationship between said mold and closure means to permit discharge of castings from the mold, said closure means having an opening therethrough for the delivery of molten metal to the mold while .the closure means and mold are in cooperative relation, means for directing cooling fluid through said opening during solidfication of a casting in the mold, and means efiecting discharge of a solidified casting.

11. In a casting machine, a mold, means for delivering molten metal thereto, closure means for said mold, means for destroying cooperative relationship between said mold and closure means to permit discharge of castings from the mold, said 010- sure means having an opening therethrough for the delivery of molten metal to the mold while the closure means and mold are in cooperative relation, means for directing cooling fluid through said opening during solidification of a casting in the mold, means destroying cooperative relationship between the mold and said closure means, and means for thereafter effecting discharge of a solidified casting from the mold.

12. In a casting machine, a mold, a cover lit dill

hid

quantities.

14. In a casting machine, a mold, a cover plate adapted to cooperate with said mold, operating means for said cover plate, said cover plate being movable relatively to said operating means, and means for delivering molten metal to said mold while said cover plate is in position thereon, said cover plate havin an opening for the passage of metal therethrough.

15. In a casting machine, a mold, a cover plate adapted to cooperate with said mold, operating means for said cover plate, said cover plate being movable relatively to said operating means, means for delivering molten metal to said mold, and means for directing'cooling fluid against said mold for cooling the metal therein.

I 16. In a casting machine, a mold, a cover plate adapted to cooperate with said mold, operating means for said cover plate, said cover plate being movable relatively to said operating means, and means for delivering molten metal to said mold in predetermined 17. In a casting machine, a mold, a cover plate adapted to cooperate with said mold, operating means for said cover plate, said cover plate being movable relatively to said operating means, means for delivering molten metal to said mold, and means for bringing said mold and metal delivery means into cooperative engagement.

l8. In a casting machine, a mold, a measuring valve for delivering molten metal thereto, said valve having means for subjecting a measured quantity of metal to atmospheric pressure to assist discharging thereof, a cover for said mold having an opening for the passage of molten metal, and means for destroying cooperative relationship between said cover and mold to permit discharge of a casting from the mold.

19. In a casting machine, a mold, a measuring valve for delivering molten metal thereto, a cover for said mold having an opening for the passage of molten metal, and means for destroying cooperative relationship between said cover and mold to permit discharge of a castingjfrom the mold,

said machine including means for delivering cooling fluid through said opening.

20. In a casting machine, a mold, a meas uring valve for delivering molten metal thereto, said valve having means for subjecting a measured quantlty of metal to atmospheric pressure to assist dlschargmg thereof, a cover for said mold having an opening for the passage of molten metal, means for destroying cooperative relationshipbetween said cover and mold to permit dischar e of a'casting from the mold, and means or efiecting discharge. of a casting from the mold.

21. In a casting machine, a mold tablehaving a plurality of molds, means adapted to efi'ect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for measuring and delivering apredetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station, and cover plates periodically cooperating with said molds. Y

22. In a casting machine, a mold table having a'plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for measuring and delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge station to efi'ect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station, and cover plates periodically cooperating with said molds, said cover plates having openings therethrough for the passage of molten metal to the molds.

23. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to efl'ect rotation 'of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for measuring and delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge stationto efl'ect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station, cover plates periodically cooperating with said molds, and means for cooling the metal in the molds during their passage from the pouring station to the discharge station.

24. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to elfect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station, cover plates periodically cooperating Withsaid molds, and means for maintaining yielding enga ement between the cover plates and mol s when in cooperative engagement. v

25. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to efi'ect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station, cover plates periodcooperative engagement, said cover plates between the cover plates and molds when in having openings therethrough for the passage of molten metal to the molds.

26. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a. pouring station and a discharge Station, means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, meansat the discharge station to effect discharge-of the castings from the- -moldsat such station, said last mentioned means including a. knock-out and an ejecting mechanism for first raising and thereafter laterally moving a casting, and cover plates periodically cooperating with said molds.

27. In a casting machine, a mold table, a plurality of molds thereon, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge statlon, ad ustable measuring means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the cast ings from the molds at such station, and

cover plates periodically cooperating with said molds. I

28. In a casting machine, a holder for molten metal, a valve casing having .a discharge port and an air admission port, a valve operable in said casing and constructed to provide a molten metal receiving pocket out of communication with said air admission port when the pocket is in metal receiving position and in communication with saidiair admission port when the pocket is in cooperative relation to said discharge port, and operating means for said valve.

29. In a casting machine, a holder for molten metal, a valve casing having a discharge port and an air admission port, a valve operable in said casing and constructed to provide amolten metal receiving pocket out of communication with said air admission port when the pocket is inmetal receiving position and in communication with said air ad- 'mission port when the pocket is in cooperative relation to said discharge port, and operating means for said valve, said operating means being effective for closing said pocket during movement of the valve'into metal receiving position.

30. In a casting machine, a holder for molten metal, a valve casing having a discharge .port and an air admission port, a valve operable in said casing and constructed to provide a molten metal receiving pocket out of communication with said air admissionport when the pocket is in metal receiving position and in communication with said air admission port when the pocket is in cooperative relation to said discharge port, and operating means for said valve, said operating means being effective for periodically closing said pocket to prevent delivery of trapped air into the bath of metal in said holder.

31. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for measuring and delivering predetermined quantities of molten metal to said molds in timed relation to the operation of the machine, means producing relative movement between said molds and said means, and mechanism effecting removal of the castings from said molds.

32. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, means for measuring and delivering predetermined quantities of molten metal to said molds in timed relation to the operation of the machine, means producing relative movement between said molds and said means, and means for artificially cooling the castings in said molds during such relative movement.

33. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivering only a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, and means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station.

34. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivering only a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station in timed relation to the operation of the machine, and means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the molds at such station.

35. In a casting machine, a mold table having a-plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivery only a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, and means intermediate said stations for artificially cooling the castings during their travel from one station to the other.

36. In a casting machine, a mold table having a plurality of molds, means adapted to effect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, and means at the discharge station to effect discharge of the castings from the lll nraanra ejecting mechanism.

37. ln a casting machine, a mold table, a

plurality of molds thereon, means adapted to eflect rotation of said table to bring the molds successively to a pouring station and a discharge station, adjustable measuring means at the pouring station for delivering a predetermined amount of molten metal to the molds at such station, and means for artificially cooling the molten metal during the travel of the molds from the pouring station to the discharge station.

38. In a casting machine, a pot of molten metal, a discharge nozzle cooperating therewith, measuring means in said nozzle for periodically delivering measured quantities at metal through said nozzle, and operating I came minimizing the possibility of oxidation at the metal in said pot by the assion at air through said measuring means.

39. la a casting machine, a plurality oil molds, closure 'means therefor, and means for delivering both the material to be cast and a cooling medium through said closure means.

40. In a casting machine, a plurality of molds, universally movable closure means therefor, and means for delivering measured quantities of molten metal and a cooling medium through said closure means,

in testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands.

WALTER 'll. DAVIS. JOHN A, MCGINNIS. 

